Inside the Pilatus Porter PC-6: A Pilot’s Review

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 is a testament to innovative aircraft design, boasting an impressive record of over 600 units delivered worldwide since its maiden flight in 1959.

As a pilot with considerable experience in this versatile aircraft, this review delves into its technical capabilities, cockpit experience, and handling characteristics, highlighting its prowess in various operations.

The PC-6 has been produced in both piston-engine and turboprop versions, making it a preferred choice for its rugged construction and operational flexibility, particularly in challenging environments.

The Legacy of the Pilatus Porter PC-6

Born in Switzerland in 1959, the Pilatus Porter PC-6 has evolved into one of the most enduring aircraft designs in aviation history. The story of this remarkable aircraft began with its first prototype taking to the skies on 4 May 1959, powered by a 254 kW (340 shp) piston engine.

Birth of a STOL Legend

The Pilatus Aircraft’s vision was to create a rugged, versatile utility aircraft with exceptional short field performance, filling a crucial gap in the market for operators in challenging environments. The initial piston-powered Porter quickly evolved into the more powerful Turbo Porter in 1961, significantly enhancing the aircraft’s performance capabilities.

Six Decades of Unmatched Service

Over six decades of continuous production and service, the PC-6 has undergone numerous refinements while maintaining its core design philosophy of simplicity, durability, and unmatched STOL performance. The aircraft’s longevity in production (1959-2022) speaks to the timeless nature of its design and the continued demand for its unique capabilities.

The PC-6 has maintained its reputation for reliability and versatility, with each iteration bringing incremental improvements in power, efficiency, and capability without compromising its fundamental character. Throughout its years of service, the PC-6 has proven to be an invaluable asset to various operators worldwide.

Technical Specifications and Design Features

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 boasts impressive technical specifications that have contributed to its legendary status in aviation. Its versatility and performance capabilities make it an ideal aircraft for various operations.

Engine Options and Performance

The PC-6 has been offered with multiple engine options throughout its history, including the original 340hp Lycoming piston engine and the more popular Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A turboprop variants. The turboprop engine provides exceptional power-to-weight ratio, significantly enhancing performance and reliability.

The majority of PC-6 aircraft are powered by a single Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A turboprop engine, driving a fully reversible, constant-speed Hartzell aluminium propeller. This configuration contributes to the aircraft’s remarkable short-field performance and ability to operate at high altitudes.

Airframe Construction and Design Philosophy

The airframe features a high-wing design, providing excellent ground clearance and stability. The semi-monocoque aluminium construction balances strength with relatively light weight, facilitating ease of maintenance in field conditions.

STOL Capabilities and World Records

The PC-6’s STOL capabilities are truly exceptional, with the ability to take off within a distance of 640 feet (195 m) and land within 427 feet (130 m) while carrying a substantial payload. The Turbo Porter holds the world record for the highest landing by a fixed-wing aircraft at 18,865 feet (5,750 m) on the Dhaulagiri glacier in Nepal.

Performance Metric	Value	Unit
Take-off Distance	640	feet
Landing Distance	427	feet
Payload	2,646	lbs
Highest Landing Altitude	18,865	feet

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 Cockpit Experience

Step into the cockpit of the Pilatus Porter PC-6, and you’ll discover a blend of traditional design and modern technology. The cockpit has evolved significantly, offering pilots an enhanced flying experience.

Analogue vs. Garmin G950 Glass Cockpit

The transition from analogue instrumentation to the Garmin G950 glass cockpit has been a significant upgrade. Early models featured conventional analogue instruments, while later models boast the advanced Garmin G950 system, complete with two 10.4-inch displays: a Primary Flight Display (PFD) and a Multi-function Display (MFD).

Feature	Analogue Instrumentation	Garmin G950 Glass Cockpit
Display Type	Analogue Dial	Liquid-Crystal Displays (LCDs)
Information Presentation	Individual Instruments	Integrated PFD and MFD
Pilot Workload	Higher due to multiple instruments	Reduced with integrated system

Pilot Controls and Handling Characteristics

The pilot‘s interaction with the aircraft is facilitated by intuitive controls. The layout is logical, allowing for single-pilot operation even in demanding conditions. The control yoke and rudder pedals are positioned for optimal comfort and accessibility.

Visibility and Ergonomics

The PC-6’s cockpit offers exceptional visibility, thanks to its large windscreen and side windows. This expansive field of view is crucial during challenging approaches. While the ergonomics are generally good, some pilots suggest that seat comfort could be improved for longer missions.

Flying the PC-6: A Pilot’s Perspective

From a pilot’s perspective, flying the PC-6 is an exhilarating experience due to its remarkable performance and handling characteristics. The aircraft’s Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) capabilities make it an ideal choice for operations in challenging environments.

Take-off and Landing Performance

The PC-6’s take-off performance is nothing short of remarkable, becoming airborne in less than 200 metres even at high altitudes and temperatures. This capability gives pilots confidence when operating from confined spaces. The landing performance is equally impressive, with the effective use of flaps, spoilers, and reversible propeller allowing for approaches at surprisingly slow speeds and incredibly short landing distances.

Performance Characteristic	Value	Unit
Take-off Distance	195	metres
Landing Distance	130	metres
Payload Capacity	1,200	kg

In-flight Handling and Stability

The PC-6’s in-flight handling is characterised by responsive yet stable control inputs, with well-harmonised controls that provide excellent feedback. The stall characteristics are benign and predictable, with ample warning through airframe buffet and control feel, making the aircraft forgiving even when operated near its performance limits. Pilots appreciate the aircraft’s stability when flying in turbulent conditions, thanks to its high wing design.

“The PC-6 is a real pilot’s aircraft. The controls are perfectly harmonised and the handling characteristics are nice and predictable.” – Matt Dearden, experienced PC-6 pilot.

Operating in Extreme Conditions

Operating in extreme conditions is where the PC-6 truly shines, with exceptional hot-and-high performance and the ability to handle crosswinds that would ground many comparable aircraft. This capability, combined with its combination of docile handling characteristics and extraordinary performance, makes the PC-6 a versatile choice for a variety of missions.

The PC-6’s impressive performance and handling characteristics make it a favourite among pilots, offering a rare combination of docile handling and extraordinary performance capabilities. At the time of operation, pilots can rely on the aircraft’s consistent performance, making it ideal for multiple landings and take-offs.

Versatility: The Porter’s Greatest Strength

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 is renowned for its versatility, making it an invaluable asset for a wide range of aviation tasks. Its design allows for rapid reconfiguration to suit various missions, from passenger transport to cargo delivery, aerial survey, and special operations.

Cargo and Passenger Configurations

The spacious cabin of the PC-6 can accommodate up to ten passengers on removable seats or carry a substantial payload of up to 2,200 pounds (1,000 kg). The large sliding doors on both sides facilitate rapid loading and unloading, making it an ideal aircraft for both passenger and cargo transport. The standard passenger seats are designed to be quickly removed and stowed in an optional separate externally-accessed seat stowage compartment behind the main cabin, enhancing the aircraft’s flexibility.

Special Mission Capabilities

The PC-6 is equipped for a variety of special missions, including aerial photography, surveillance, medical evacuation, parachute jumping, and search and rescue operations. Purpose-designed equipment is available for each role, such as camera mounts, survey equipment, stretchers for medical evacuation, or bench seating for parachutists. The aircraft’s area of operation is vast, thanks to its ability to be fitted with different types of landing gear.

Adaptability to Different Terrains

The PC-6’s adaptability extends to its landing gear options, with the ability to be fitted with conventional wheels, oversized tundra tyres, skis for snow operations, or floats for water landings. This terrain adaptability makes the PC-6 one of the few aircraft capable of operating effectively in virtually any environment, from desert sand to mountain snow, jungle clearings to water bodies. The use of floats enables the aircraft to land on water, further expanding its operational capabilities.

As noted by aviation experts, “The Pilatus Porter PC-6’s versatility is a game-changer in the world of aviation, allowing it to undertake a wide range of tasks with ease.” This versatility, combined with its robust design and flexible configuration options, solidifies the PC-6’s position as a highly capable and valuable aircraft.

Operational History Around the World

The operational history of the Pilatus Porter PC-6 is a testament to its durability and adaptability. Over 60 years of service in challenging environments has cemented its reputation as a reliable workhorse.

Throughout its history, the PC-6 has seen extensive use in various military, humanitarian, and civilian operations. Its ability to operate in diverse conditions has made it a favourite among operators worldwide.

Military Applications

The PC-6 has been utilised by numerous military forces around the world, including during the Vietnam War. Air America, a CIA-controlled airline, operated up to 23 PC-6s at a time, using them for critical missions such as paradropping supplies, passenger transport, and reconnaissance. The Austrian Air Force has also maintained a fleet of 12 PC-6s since 1976, employing them in various roles including transport, search and rescue, and firefighting.

The versatility of the PC-6 in military applications is evident in its ability to perform a wide range of tasks, from logistical support to intelligence gathering. Its reliability and capability to operate from short, unprepared airstrips have made it invaluable in combat zones and remote areas.

Military Operator	Role	Period of Service
Austrian Air Force	Transport, Search and Rescue, Firefighting	1976 – Present
Air America (CIA)	Reconnaissance, Supply Dropping, Passenger Transport	1960s – 1970s

Humanitarian and Civilian Operations

The PC-6 has also played a significant role in humanitarian and civilian operations. Its ability to access remote areas has proven invaluable for delivering aid, medical supplies, and personnel. Civilian operators have used the PC-6 for scheduled passenger services in mountainous regions, aerial survey work, and skydiving operations.

The aircraft’s adaptability is further demonstrated by its use in various aviation roles, including cargo transport and work in challenging environments. The PC-6 has become a crucial asset for people in need, providing essential services in disaster zones and remote communities.

“The PC-6 is a versatile aircraft that has been used in a variety of roles, from military transport to civilian operations. Its ability to operate in challenging conditions makes it an invaluable asset.”

Famous Missions and Record-Breaking Flights

The PC-6 has been involved in numerous airborne operations, including record-breaking high-altitude landings in the Himalayas. These pioneering flights have demonstrated the aircraft’s capabilities and pushed the boundaries of what is possible in aviation. The PC-6 has also been used in various other notable missions, showcasing its versatility and reliability.

Throughout its years of service, the PC-6 has earned a reputation for getting people and supplies into places that would otherwise be inaccessible. Its enduring presence in aviation history is a testament to its design and operational capabilities.

The Bush Pilot’s Best Friend: Real-World Applications

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 is renowned for its reliability and versatility, making it a favourite among bush pilots who operate in some of the world’s most inhospitable regions. For pilots like Matt Dearden, who has flown a PC-6 for Susi Air in Papua, Indonesia, the aircraft’s exceptional short takeoff and landing capabilities make it an indispensable asset.

Remote Area Operations

Remote area operations represent the PC-6’s natural habitat. Pilots rely on the aircraft to access tricky unmade strips in regions where no other fixed-wing aircraft can safely operate. The PC-6’s exceptional short-field performance and payload capacity make it ideal for delivering essential supplies, medical services, and transportation to isolated communities.

The PC-6 has been used in various remote operations around the world, showcasing its adaptability and ruggedness.

Skydiving and Aerial Work

In the skydiving industry, the PC-6 has become a favourite platform due to its rapid climb rate, spacious cabin, and large door openings. Approximately 40% of European PC-6s were used for skydiving in the 1990s. Aerial work applications include survey operations, photography, conservation monitoring, and scientific research, where the aircraft’s stable platform and excellent visibility provide ideal conditions.

Aerial Work Applications	Benefits
Survey Operations	Stable platform for equipment
Photography	Excellent visibility
Conservation Monitoring	Ideal for specialised equipment operation

Testimonials from PC-6 Pilots

Testimonials from PC-6 pilots consistently highlight the aircraft’s unique combination of ruggedness, performance, and reliability. Pilots praise the PC-6 for its confidence-inspiring performance, even when operating at the edge of the performance envelope.

• Pilots appreciate the PC-6’s versatility and reliability.
• The aircraft’s exceptional short-field performance is a significant advantage.
• PC-6 pilots trust the aircraft for remote operations.

Variants and Evolution of the Pilatus Porter PC-6

With a production history spanning over six decades, the Pilatus PC-6 has seen numerous variants emerge, each designed to meet specific operational requirements and incorporate technological advancements. The aircraft’s evolution is a testament to Pilatus Aircraft’s commitment to continuous improvement.

From Piston to Turboprop: Engine Evolutions

The original PC-6/340 Porter was powered by a 254-kW Lycoming GSO-480-B1A6 flat-six piston engine. However, the transition to turboprop power marked a significant improvement in performance and reliability. The PC-6/A Turbo Porter was the first to be equipped with a Turbomeca Astazou engine, though reliability issues led to further development. The PC-6/B series, powered by Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A turboprop engines, became the standard for most production aircraft, offering superior power-to-weight ratios.

The turboprop evolution continued with the introduction of alternative engine options, such as the Garrett TPE331-powered PC-6/C variants, primarily built under license by Fairchild in the United States. These variants offered different performance characteristics, further enhancing the aircraft’s versatility.

Special Variants and Modifications

The Pilatus PC-6 has been adapted for various special missions. Militarised versions, such as the AU-23A Peacemaker developed for the U.S. Air Force during the Vietnam War, featured hardpoints for weapons and specialised equipment. Other modifications included wing extensions and structural improvements to enhance performance and durability. Fuel system modifications allowed for increased capacity and range when required, though the primary design focus remained on short-range, high-payload operations.

The numerous variants of the PC-6 demonstrate the aircraft’s adaptability and Pilatus Aircraft’s commitment to meeting diverse operational needs while maintaining the core design philosophy that made the PC-6 successful.

Conclusion: The Enduring Legacy of an Aviation Icon

With a production run spanning 63 years, the Pilatus Porter PC-6 has cemented its place in aviation history. The aircraft has delivered exceptional performance in demanding environments, serving remote airstrips, saving lives through medical evacuations, and connecting communities.

The Pilatus Porter PC-6 has been a stalwart of the aviation world, with its legacy written in the countless missions it has accomplished. Despite the final aircraft being delivered in December 2022, Pilatus Aircraft remains committed to supporting the existing fleet, ensuring the PC-6 remains in service for decades to come.

The influence of the PC-6 extends beyond its operational history, inspiring design elements in subsequent STOL aircraft and establishing performance benchmarks. For pilots, the PC-6 represents a perfect combination of raw capability and flying enjoyment, demanding respect but rewarding skilled handling with exceptional performance.

FAQ

What is the typical cruise speed of the Pilatus PC-6?

The typical cruise speed is around 280 km/h, although this can vary depending on the specific configuration and conditions.

What kind of engine does the PC-6 use?

The PC-6 is equipped with a Pratt & Whitney turboprop engine, which provides a significant amount of power for its size and weight.

Can the PC-6 be operated on floats or skis?

Yes, the PC-6 can be fitted with floats or skis, making it suitable for operations in remote areas with limited infrastructure.

How many passengers can the PC-6 carry?

The PC-6 can carry up to 9 passengers, depending on the configuration, and has a maximum payload capacity.

What is the stall speed of the PC-6?

The stall speed is relatively low, making it ideal for short take-off and landing (STOL) operations.

Is the PC-6 still in production?

Yes, the PC-6 is still in production, with ongoing upgrades and improvements to its design and capabilities.

What kind of avionics does the PC-6 have?

Modern PC-6 aircraft can be equipped with advanced avionics such as the Garmin G950 glass cockpit, providing pilots with a high level of situational awareness.

Has the PC-6 been used in military operations?

Yes, the PC-6 has been used by various military forces around the world, including during the Vietnam War, for a range of tasks including transport and reconnaissance.